Yamaha Corporation and Sumitomo Corporation Power&Mobility Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Sumitomo Corporation. (hereinafter referred to as “the two companies” or “we”), have jointly presented a new waste heat recovery system based on a thermoelectric generator (hereinafter referred to as “TEG”) that generates electricity from exhaust heat and the CO2-Demonstrably reduces emissions during vehicle tests on a roller dynamometer (hereinafter referred to as “the demonstration test”).
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Illustration of TEG units Effect for Automotive (Graphic: Business Wire)
The TEG system, which is installed in part of the vehicle’s exhaust system, allows the CO2-Emissions are reduced as a result of the reduction in generator load, which is achieved through the generation of electricity from unused exhaust gases and also through the earlier heating of the engine thanks to the heating of the coolant by the TEG system when the engine is started.
In this demonstration experiment, the TEG system was installed in a test vehicle, and the electric power and CO generated by the TEG system2-Emissions were measured on a roller dynamometer. Thanks to the TEG system, the CO was reduced2-Emissions during the European WLTP driving cycle*1 by 1.9% (ie 3.9g/km). In view of this result, the potential benefit of the TEG system in further optimizations of the installation of the TEG system in vehicles with an estimated CO2-Reduction estimated at 3.1% (ie 6.4g/km).
Background of the development efforts
Recently, efforts to achieve a carbon-neutral society have increased worldwide, and more CO2-Reductions are urgently required by the automotive industry.
TEG plants have long attracted attention as an environmentally friendly technology, and various development efforts are underway in the automotive industry to exploit the technology for reducing CO2– use emissions. However, due to the insufficient performance and reliability of the TEG components and also due to the lack of engineering work on the construction of a system with TEG plant for vehicles, the technology has not yet been used in practice.
In March 2021, both companies started selling the TEG component on a trial basis YGPX024*2 on, which has the highest performance and has the largest format,*3 to explore market needs. Now we have done this demonstration trial for automotive applications where there should be a big market potential.
The demonstration attempt at a glance
This demonstration experiment was outsourced to FEV Europe GmbH (headquarters: Aachen). A system consisting of the TEG system and a DC-DC converter was installed in a test vehicle, after which the demonstration test was carried out on a roller dynamometer. Below are more details on the demonstration experiment.
- test vehicle
Jaguar F-PACE (2.0L Petrol Turbo, SUV) - Configuration of the TEG system
The TEG plant consists of four YGPX024components, two heat exchangers for exhaust gas and three heat exchangers for the cooling water circuit. With its proprietary structure and manufacturing method, the YGPX024component has the highest performance in the world and a reliability suitable for automotive applications.*3
- Circuit diagram of the installation of the TEG system in a vehicle
The TEG system was installed in the exhaust pipe on the downstream side from the catalyst. The engine cooling circuit was branched and extended to the TEG system. The vehicle’s existing water pump was used to supply the TEG system with coolant. Parallel to the existing generator, the TEG system was connected directly to the existing 12 V battery via a DC converter with MPPT function (Maximum Power Point Tracking), which enabled the system to operate optimally and draw electricity efficiently. No external devices were used for this test because of the importance of assessing the actual benefit to the vehicle. - assessment method
This demonstration experiment was carried out on the basis of various test cycles, such as the European WLTP driving cycle (incl. Phase 4), the US06 driving cycle*4 and a stationary driving cycle. During the investigations on a roller dynamometer, the CO2-Emissions and the electrical power generated by the TEG system were measured in order to be able to assess the effect of the TEG system.
test result
CO2-Reduction and electrical performance of the TEG plant are summarized as follows.
- European WLTP driving cycle
CO2-Reduction: 1.9% (3.9g/km); maximum electrical power: 165W - US06 driving operation
Average electrical power: 97W - Stationary driving cycle at 2,000 rpm. (for electric vehicles with extended range and series hybrid vehicles)
Electrical power: 195W, equivalent to 40% of the power generated by the generator
In this demonstration experiment, there were significant installation restrictions for the TEG plant and the gas temperature at the exhaust gas inlet did not reach the target value. Therefore we performed an additional test in which the target gas temperature was achieved and based on this test result our analysis came to a maximum reduction in CO2-Emissions by 3.1% (6.4g/km) with an optimized installation of the TEG system in the vehicle.
future prospects
It is undisputed that electrification and more efficient internal combustion engines in the automotive industry are imperative to achieve a carbon-neutral society. Most car manufacturers require novel technologies for further CO improvements2-Reduction of vehicles with internal combustion engines. Our goal is to work with our customers to create a carbon-neutral society through the world’s first practical use of a TEG system for automotive applications.
*1.
| Worldwide harmonized Light duty driving Test Procedure: International standard procedures for test cycles and test methods for exhaust emissions in passenger cars and light commercial vehicles
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*2.
| Details of the TEG component can be found at the following Internet address:
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https://device.yamaha.com/en/thermoelectric_cooler/generator/
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*3.
| Gem research from both companies in 2022
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*4.
| One of the exhaust emissions and fuel efficiency test methods introduced in North America to measure exhaust gases at high speed and high acceleration
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- Information about Sumitomo Corporation Power&Mobility Co.,Ltd.
Sumitomo Corporation Power&Mobility Co., Ltd., develops diversified businesses around the world related to “building the next generation of transportation systems and social infrastructure” by drawing on the rich experience and expertise of Sumitomo Corporation and the international network of the group. Important business areas are (1) trading in automobiles and rail vehicles as well as equipment for power generation plants (import and export as well as triangular trade), (2) the development and implementation of power plant and transport projects abroad and (3) the development of new business areas in the field of mobility .
More details here: https://www.sc-pmco.com/en/
* All product and company names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
* All information correct at the time of publication of this announcement. We reserve the right to make changes after publication.
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