Why must garments and textiles be made using known toxic chemicals? That question has now been answered by the California governor, who passed legislation to phase out PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances). These are better known as “Forever Chemicals” which surround many clothing and textile items and are harmful to the environment.
The full ban comes into effect in 2025, leaving just two and a half years to phase out the use of these substances. Outdoor outfitter Patagonia said it will ban these fabrics by 2024 and phase out all hazardous chemicals in its production.
Toxic-Free Future (TFF) said in a statement: “Now that we know that PFAS can harm our health at very low levels, we can no longer use these toxic chemicals to treat our clothing. Businesses have proven they don’t need them, and removing them from clothing and textiles will help protect every family,” said Erika Schreder, Scientific Director of the TFF.
A 2021 study led by TFF, the University of Washington and Indiana University showed that PFAS were present in breast milk in all samples examined. The study also found that certain PFAS, including those used in textiles, double every four years.
What are Forever Chemicals?
Chemical companies tout PFAS in products like paper and textiles as dirt, water and grease repellents. Companies are not required to disclose their usage (yet), but PFAS can be found in everything from yoga pants to outerwear, sneakers and accessories. PFAS are associated with serious health problems such as cancer, suppressed immune system, elevated cholesterol, pregnancy-related high blood pressure, liver damage, reduced fertility and an increased risk of thyroid disease. PFAS are known as “forever” chemicals because they don’t break down in the environment or in our bodies.
“The functionality that PFAS offer – a more dirt-resistant coat or more breathable but water-resistant athletic pants – is not necessary and certainly not worth the health risks,” Sujatha Bergen told the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC). “We used to live just fine without these chemicals, and manufacturers could quickly phase them out if they wanted to.”
Phasing out these dangerous chemicals is easier said than done, as the PFAS group consists of more than 4,700 man-made chemicals used in many industries, not just fashion. Packaging, cookware and cosmetics are just a few of the categories in which products PFAS are prevalent.
While the chemical industry is resisting a blanket ban, the European Environment Agency stated: “An individual risk assessment and risk management approach is not appropriate to effectively prevent the environmental and human health hazards posed by individual PFAS or their mixtures .”
Sources: Toxic Free Future, NRDC, EU Observer
This translated article originally appeared on FashionUnited.uk.