vto air tonight on Rai 1 at 21.25 the first of three installments (or parts) of Night exteriorTV series about the kidnapping of Aldo Moro by the Red Brigades. Signed by a big name in our cinema, Mark Bellocchio (which happens to be Moro had already dedicated Good morning night of 2003). It is the first time that the filmmaker has ventured into a fiction, so important, however, that it was previewed at the Cannes Film Festival (and in the summer it went to theaters in two parts). The cast is impressive with Fabrizio Gifuni as the protagonist kidnapped, Toni Servillo, Margaret Buy, Fausto Russo Alesi. An absolutely unmissable work.
Night exterior: previews of the first part
We are at Rome, March 1978. Aldo Moro (Fabrizio Gifuni) and the President of the Christian Democrats, the first party in Italy. He seems to have been freed from Red Brigades. And from the hospital bed he sternly scrutinizes his party comrades who have gathered at his bedside: Giulio Andreotti (Fabrizio Contri), Francis Cossiga (Fausto Russo Alesi) and the Party Secretary Benigno Zaccagnini (Gigio Alberti). Outside the street clashes rage. It is the most terrible moment for Italy after the Second World War, the risk of one civil war is close and the clash between The West and the “Soviet Bloc” it’s at its peak.
In reality Moro he hasn’t been kidnapped yet. Already six times Minister, five times Prime Minister, he is working on first unity government in republican history who sees the A.D supported by Communist Party of Enrico Berlinguer. At the head of the government is expected Giulio Andreotti. Moro is doing everything to ensure that Belinguer vote for trust.
He’s the famous “historic compromise”, political solution to stabilize Italy, which however creates very strong discontent both among the citizens and in Montecitorio. The university students of Wisdom the squares are on fire. The various currents of A.D they are perplexed and mistrustful. Even Pope Paul VI (Toni Servillo) expresses his doubts a Moro.
Fabrizio Gifuni is Aldo Moro. (Photo Anna Camerlingo)
The Red Brigades act and kidnap Aldo Moro
In this climate of pitfalls and tensions, it is above all the women who inspire spirits Red Brigades who support the armed struggle and they want to block the deal at all costs Dc-Pci. There Roman column of the Br (among which Adriana Faranda, Daniela Marra) decides to act and kidnap Aldo Moro (at first the Br aimed at Andreotti, then they thought of Moro to have a better chance of success).
Aldo Moro is kidnapped in via Fani, the five men of the escort are all killed. It is the same day that takes office the Andreotti IV governmentwhich obtains the confidence in Parliament with the external support of the Communists.
The role of Cossiga, doubts, failures and mistakes
Italy is shocked. The new Minister of the Interior Cossiga presides over the council of war convened after the kidnapping Morobut feelings of guilt they tear it apart. There Digos beats all the avenues to start the investigation, thinks of involving those responsible for the security of the PCIsince they have men flanking the rooms of the Br.
Meanwhile Adriana Faranda is recognized as a brigatist. So the Police even comes to locate the hideout in via Gradoliwhere some Red Brigade members are hiding. But when no one opens, the police instead of breaking down the door, go away. And also the letter that Aldo Moro send to Cossiga to advise them to start one private negotiation with the Br, leads nowhere, since the letter is made public.
Fausto Russo Alessi is Francesco Cossiga. (Photo Anna Camerlingo)
Then pop a American kidnapping consultant which suggests a Cossiga to implement a cynical strategy. Playing a sort of double game: to discredit Moro to make any of his confessions unreliable e pretend to open a negotiation with the Br and then force them to surrender. But something doesn’t work. The Br instead of being frightened, they raise the bar. On 15 April they issue the communiqué condemning Moro to death. But the American consultant suggests a Cossiga to probe public opinion by distributing a false statement in which Br announce the killing of Moro and the concealment of his body in the lake of the Duchess in Abruzzo.
Bellocchio: «In Night exterior I make no judgments”
Aldo Moro is held prisoner 55 days. The May 9, ’78then, his body is found in the trunk of a Renault 4 red. For the whole of Italy it is a shock. Politics, especially the A.D, begins to wonder about his mistakes. The main doubt is what haunted politics throughout the period of imprisonment Moro: with the Br Was it better to negotiate or take the hard line? Indeed, was it better to actually negotiate rather than limiting yourself to starting facade negotiations?
All these aspects, political and psychological, are examined and gutted in detail in Night exterior which broadens the gaze with respect to Good morning Night. Indeed, in the 2003 film Looker deals with the kidnapping Moro analyzing the personal drama of the statesman imprisoned for 55 days. In outside night, instead, we witness what happens outside the lair. You see the party allies of Moro act in the shadows, choose the line of firmness, follow cynical logic, which even appears inhumane. There is the puzzled and embarrassed attitude of the Vatican. There is society torn apart by fierce clashes.
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