AND invisible, has no odor and does not irritate the respiratory tract. Precisely for this reason the carbon monoxide it is one of the most subtle household dangers. The recent one tragedy occurred in Swinewhere an entire family lost their lives due to a probable gas leak linked to the malfunction of a boilerbrings attention to an often underestimated risk: thecarbon monoxide poisoning it can affect anyone, especially indoors and during sleep. According to theWorld Health Organizationcarbon monoxide is responsible for thousands of accidental poisonings around the world every year, many of which occur at home and could be avoided with simple prevention measures.
What is carbon monoxide and why is it so dangerous
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a gas produced by incomplete combustion of fuels such as natural gas, wood, coal, pellets and petrol. A faulty boiler, a poorly ventilated stove or a blocked flue can generate it without obvious signs.
The danger lies in its mechanism of action: CO binds to hemoglobin in the blood forming carboxyhemoglobin, preventing the transport of oxygen to the tissues. Even relatively low concentrations, if inhaled for a long time, can cause serious damage; high levels can quickly lead to loss of consciousness and death.
The most common sources of exposure in the home
The data of theHigher Institute of Health indicate that most poisonings occur at home. The most frequent causes include:
- boilers and water heaters not serviced
- stoves and fireplaces with insufficient draft
- improper use of gas stoves for heating
- braziers or barbecues lit indoors
- cars left running in garages communicating with the house
The risk increases in winter, when homes are more insulated and less ventilated.
Symptoms: recognizing them in time can save your life
Carbon monoxide poisoning has initial symptoms nonspecificoften confused with flu or tiredness:
- heachache
- nausea
- dizziness
- weakness and drowsiness
- In more serious cases, mental confusion, loss of consciousness and respiratory arrest may appear. Children, the elderly and people with heart disease are particularly vulnerable.
Prevention: what the experts recommend
International guidelines agree on some fundamental measures.
1. Annual maintenance of the systems
Boilers, stoves and water heaters should be checked regularly by qualified technicians.
2. Installation of carbon monoxide detectors
WHO and ISS recommend the use of certified detectorsespecially near the bedrooms. They are economical devices and can make a difference.
3. Adequate ventilation of the rooms
Never close the air vents and ensure correct replacement, especially in renovated houses with highly leak-proof windows.
4. Correct use of the devices
Never use combustion devices for purposes other than those intended and do not sleep with lit braziers.
What to do in case of suspected poisoning
In the presence of suspicious symptoms:
- open doors and windows immediately
- go outdoors
- call 112 or 118
- do not return until the premises have been secured
- Time is a crucial factor.
A tragedy that calls for collective responsibility
Carbon monoxide is not a rare or unpredictable risk. It is a known, studied and preventable danger. As the ISS points out, most domestic poisonings could be avoided with maintenance, information and safety devices. Home must be the safest place we have. Making it truly so also requires greater attention to what cannot be seen, but it can make the difference between life and death.
