Partially Atypical Symptoms
There are clear symptoms that indicate migraine in men. (Symbolic image)
© IMAGO/Westend61/Franci Leoncio
Migraines are often thought of as a condition predominantly affecting women. However, many men are equally affected without even realizing it. A neurologist explains why migraines in men frequently go unnoticed and which symptoms should not be ignored.
“About five to ten percent of men are affected,” states Dr. Bianca Raffaelli, a senior physician and head of the headache center at Charité in Berlin. “The actual number is likely higher, as men are less prone to seek medical help for headaches.”
Migraines Often Go Undiagnosed in Men
Many people associate migraines with severe headaches, light sensitivity, and nausea, requiring those affected to retreat to a dark, quiet room during an attack. However, according to the neurologist, migraines often present less typically in men, leading to delayed or missed diagnoses.
“Men experience less pronounced accompanying symptoms such as nausea, and light or sound sensitivity,” explains the doctor. Moreover, attacks in men tend to be shorter when compared to women, who may suffer for four to 72 hours. “Intensity of pain is also reported as lower by men.”
This results in migraines often being overlooked in men. Adding to the confusion, many affected individuals, as well as some healthcare professionals, mistakenly believe that migraines are mostly a woman’s problem. “As a result, other diagnoses are sought more frequently in men.”
Signs Indicating a Migrane
Even though symptoms in men may be less pronounced, specific indicators point to a migraine. “Typical signs include unilateral, throbbing, or stabbing pain that worsens with physical activity and lasts for several hours up to three days,” states Raffaelli.
In men, headaches may also include light and sound sensitivity or nausea, albeit often less severe than in women. In cases of migraines with aura, additional neurological symptoms—such as vision disturbances, sensory changes, or speech problems—may occur before or during the headache, typically resolving on their own after some time.
“If such patterns recur, migraines should be evaluated specifically, rather than attributing the complaints to stress or tension headaches,” advises the neurologist.
If left untreated for years, migraines can worsen, leading some individuals to develop chronic migraines, defined as experiencing headaches on at least 15 days a month, with at least eight being migraines.
When Men Should See a Doctor for Headaches
Men often try to self-treat their headaches for a lengthy period. However, standard pain relievers frequently do not provide adequate relief for migraines. Furthermore, individuals experiencing headaches on many days tend to take numerous medications, increasing the risk of chronic migraines over time.
“Men should seek medical advice if headaches recur and impact their quality of life, performance, or daily activities,” the neurologist emphasizes. This is especially true if headaches are occurring more frequently or if regular pain medications fail to provide adequate relief.
Treatment Options Available
Migraine treatment has improved significantly over the past few years, but early diagnosis is crucial. “In acute treatment, standard pain relievers are administered first, with specific migraine medications such as triptans for more severe symptoms,” explains Raffaelli. The goal is to stop an attack as early as possible.
Additionally, preventive measures are also available: Regular exercise, relaxation techniques, consistent sleep schedules, and a balanced daily rhythm can significantly help reduce attack frequency. For frequent or severe attacks, preventive medications may also be used to lessen the frequency and severity of migraines.
Maintaining certain regularities in daily life helps since stress, lack of sleep, irregular meals, and alcohol can trigger attacks. The neurologist clarifies that while these factors may trigger attacks, they are not the underlying cause of the condition.
“Migraine is a neurobiological condition with a genetic basis,” she notes. “Lifestyle factors can influence when and how often attacks occur, but do not determine whether someone has migraines.”
Taking Headaches Seriously
For men experiencing frequent or severe headaches, the neurologist has a straightforward recommendation: “Men with regularly severe headaches should first consult their general practitioner and accurately describe their symptoms, including frequency, duration, pain characteristics, and accompanying symptoms.”
If the diagnosis remains unclear, or if treatments do not provide adequate relief, it may be wise to seek neurological consultation. The most crucial point is to take headaches seriously and not to ignore them for years.
Recommendations from the Editor
The diagnosis of headaches should not be taken lightly, and understanding the importance of seeking help can lead to better management and quality of life.
Sources Used
- Dr. Bianca Raffaelli, MD MHD, Senior Physician | Head of Headache Center
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Department of Neurology
- Charité Campus Mitte (CCM)
