THEand cryptocurrencies are digital currencies which operate in a decentralized way (i.e. without the need for intermediaries such as banks or governments) and which use encryption to ensure transactions safety.
They are not regulated by a monetary authority and this makes them an instrument considered speculative. The best known and widespread is the Bitcoin (or BTC), born since 2008.
To regulate cryptocurrencies is a distributed network called Blockchainwhich is managed on an equal footing among the users who participate in the process, through hundreds of thousands of “knots”, that is, of machines appointed to process and archive transactions. The process through which New blockchain blocks are verified and added, it is called mining.
Cryptocurrencies are decentralized currenciesin fact out of state controls. The criticisms concern in particular the volatility that quickly changes its value by promoting speculative fluctuations, uncertain regulation and environmental sustainability.
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