Vitamins are essential for the body, often regarded as health boosters. Some studies even suggest that certain vitamins can help prevent cancer and other serious diseases. Since the body cannot produce them, vitamins must be obtained externally through food.
However, the adage that “more is better” does not necessarily apply to vitamins. Overdoses can occur, especially when taking supplements, leading to serious health consequences. One potential side effect of certain vitamins is an increased risk for lung cancer. Here, we explore what lies behind this concern and what experts caution against.
Vitamins: Overconsumption Increases Cancer Risk
A diet rich in vitamins is often considered a healthy way to reduce one’s cancer risk. For instance, daily intake of vitamin D might decrease cancer mortality by about twelve percent, according to the German Cancer Research Center.
Not all vitamins function the same way as vitamin D. The German Cancer Society previously derived hopes from the antioxidant effects of certain vitamins, anticipating that increased consumption could prevent cancer. Nevertheless, experts point out a lack of substantial evidence; the mechanisms and effects of antioxidants on the body are not entirely understood.
The German Cancer Society recommends taking vitamin supplements only under special circumstances, such as pregnancy or conditions affecting the gut’s ability to absorb nutrients like vitamin D or calcium. In Germany, this applies to only a few vitamins and minerals. Overconsumption can be harmful and even increase cancer risk, as cautioned by the German Cancer Society.
Lung Cancer: This Vitamin Increases the Risk
A study published in 2019 indicated an elevated risk of lung cancer associated with high doses of vitamin B12, warns the Cancer Society on its website. It is essential to understand that vitamin B12 itself does not cause cancer; rather, excessive doses may promote the growth of already existing cancer cells. Thus, the German Cancer Society advises checking serum B12 levels before considering supplementation and consulting a healthcare professional.
Further, a 2023 study in the Journal of Clinical Investigation suggests that the risk of developing malignant lung tumors may be heightened by additional vitamin intake, specifically mentioning vitamin A, water-soluble vitamin C, and vitamin E—known antioxidants. While these vitamins are essential for healthy skin, teeth, gums, bones, and vessels, they may also activate mechanisms beneficial to cancer cells.
Cancer Risk Due to Vitamin Supplements
According to the research, vitamins can assist tumors in forming new blood vessels, ensuring they receive better nutrition and grow more rapidly. In contrast, antioxidants found in regular food like fruits and vegetables do not present this risk. Therefore, it’s advisable to avoid supplements in the form of pills, drops, or vitamin-rich beverages, especially given that many manufacturers may mislead consumers with their marketing claims.
